Document WG1N101216
JPEG XE reaches Committee Draft stage at the 108th JPEG meeting
The 108th JPEG meeting was held in Daejeon, Republic of Korea, from 29 June to 4 July 2025.
During this meeting, the JPEG Committee finalised the Committee Draft of JPEG XE, an upcoming International Standard for lossless coding of visual events, that has been sent for consultation of ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29 national bodies. JPEG XE will be the first International Standard developed for the lossless representation and coding of visual events, and is being developed under the auspices of ISO, IEC, and ITU.
Furthermore, the JPEG Committee has been informed that the prestigious Joseph von Fraunhofer Prize 2025 was awarded to three JPEG Committee members for their contributions to the development of the JPEG XS standard.
The following sections summarise the main highlights of the 108th JPEG meeting.
JPEG XE
At the 108th JPEG Meeting, the Committee Draft of the first International Standard for lossless coding of events was issued and sent for consultation to ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29 national bodies for consultation. JPEG XE is being developed under the auspices of ISO/IEC and ITU-T and aims to establish a robust and interoperable format for efficient representation and coding of events in the context of machine vision and related applications. By reaching the Committee Draft stage, the JPEG Committee has attained a very important milestone. The Committee Draft was produced based on the five received responses to a Call for Proposals issued after the 104th JPEG Meeting held in July 2024. The two submissions meet the requirements for the constrained lossless coding of events and allow the implementation and operation of the coding model with limited resources, power, and complexity. The remaining three responses address the unconstrained coding mode and will be considered in a second phase of standardisation.
JPEG XE is the fruit of a joint effort between ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG1 and ITU-T SG21 and is hoped to result in a largely supported JPEG XE standard, improving the potential compatibility and interoperability across applications, products, and services. Additionally, the JPEG Committee is in contact with the MIPI Alliance with the intention of developing a cross-compatible coding mode, allowing MIPI ESP signals to be decoded effectively by JPEG XE decoders.
The JPEG Committee remains committed to the development of a comprehensive and industry-aligned standard that meets the growing demand for event-based vision technologies. The collaborative approach between multiple standardisation organisations underscores a shared vision for a unified, international standard to accelerate innovation and interoperability in this emerging field.
JPEG Trust
JPEG Trust completed its second edition of JPEG Trust Part 1: Core Foundation, which brings JPEG Trust into alignment with the updated C2PA specification 2.1 and integrates aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR). This second edition is now approved as a Draft International Standard for submission to ISO/IEC balloting, with an expected completion timeframe at the end of 2025.
Showcasing the adoption of JPEG Trust technology, JPEG Trust Part 4 – Reference software has now reached the Committee Draft stage.
Work continues on JPEG Trust Part 2: Trust profiles catalogue, a repository of Trust Profile and reporting snippets designed to assist implementers in constructing their Trust Profiles and Trust Reports, as well as JPEG Trust Part 3: Media asset watermarking.
JPEG AI
During the 108th JPEG meeting, JPEG AI Parts 2, 3, and 5 received positive DIS ballot results with only editorial comments, allowing them to proceed to publication as International Standards. These parts extend Part 1 by specifying stream and decoder profiles, reference software with usage documentation, and file format embedding for container formats such as ISOBMFF and HEIF.
The results from two Core Experiments were reviewed. The first evaluated gain map-based HDR coding, comparing it to simulcast methods and HEIC, while the second focused on implementing JPEG AI on smartphones using ONNX. Progressive decoding performance was assessed under channel truncation, and adaptive selection techniques were proposed to mitigate losses. Subjective and objective evaluations confirmed JPEG AI’s strong performance, often surpassing codecs such as VVC Intra, AVIF, JPEG XL, and performing comparably to ECM in informal viewing tests.
Another contribution explored compressed-domain image classification using latent representations, demonstrating competitive accuracy across bitrates. A proposal to limit tile splits in JPEG AI Part 2 was also discussed, and experiments identified Model 2 as the most robust and efficient default model for the levels with only one model at the decoder side.
JPEG DNA
During the 108th JPEG meeting, the JPEG Committee produced a study DIS text of JPEG DNA Part 1 (ISO/IEC 25508-1). The purpose of this text is to synchronise the current version of the Verification Model with the changes made to the Committee Draft document, reflecting the comments received from the consultation. The DIS balloting of Part 1 is scheduled to take place after the next JPEG meeting, starting in October 2025.
The JPEG Committee is also planning wet-lab experiments to validate that the current specification of the JPEG DNA satisfies the conditions required for applications using the current state of the art in DNA synthesis and sequencing, such as biochemical constraints, decodability, coverage rate, and the impact of error-correcting code on compression performance.
The goal still remains to reach International Standard (IS) status for Part 1 during 2026.
JPEG AIC
Part 4 of JPEG AIC deals with objective quality metrics for fine-grained assessment of high-fidelity compressed images. As of the 108th JPEG Meeting, the Call for Proposals on Objective Image Quality Assessment (JPEG AIC-4), which was launched in April 2025, has already resulted in four non-mandatory registrations of interest that were reviewed. In this JPEG meeting, the technical details regarding the evaluation of proposed metrics and of the anchor metrics were developed and finalised. The results have been integrated in the document “Common Test Conditions on Objective Image Quality Assessment v2.0”, available on the JPEG website. Moreover, the procedures to generate the evaluation image dataset were defined and will be carried out by JPEG experts. The responses to the Call for Proposals for JPEG AIC-4 are expected in September 2025, together with their application for the evaluation dataset, with the goal of creating a Working Draft of a new standard on objective quality assessment of high-fidelity images by April 2026.
JPEG Pleno
At the 108th JPEG meeting, significant progress was reported in the ongoing JPEG Pleno Quality Assessment activity for light fields. A Call for Proposals (CfP) on objective quality metrics for light fields is currently underway, with submissions to be evaluated using a new evaluation dataset. The JPEG Committee also prepares the DIS of ISO/IEC 21794-7, which defines a standard for subjective quality assessment methodologies of light fields.
During the 108th JPEG meeting, the 2nd edition of ISO/IEC 21794-2 (“Plenoptic image coding system (JPEG Pleno) Part 2: Light field coding”) advanced to the Draft International Standard (DIS) stage. This 2nd edition includes the specification of a third coding mode entitled Slanted 4D Transform Mode and its associated profile.
The 108th JPEG meeting also saw the successful completion of the Final Draft International Standard balloting and the impending publication of ISO/IEC 21794-6: Learning-based Point Cloud Coding. This is the world’s first international standard on learning-based point cloud coding. The publication of Part 6 of ISO/IEC 21794 is a crucial and notable milestone in the representation of point clouds. The publication of the International Standard is expected to take place during the second half of 2025.
JPEG RF
During the 108th JPEG meeting, the JPEG Radiance Fields exploration advanced its work on discussing the procedures for reliable evaluation of potential proposals in the future, with a particular focus on refining subjective evaluation protocols. A key outcome was the initiation of Exploration Study 5, aimed at investigating how different test camera trajectories influence human perception during subjective quality assessment. The Common Test Conditions (CTC) document was also reviewed, with the subjective testing component remaining provisional pending the outcome of this exploration study. In addition, existing use cases and requirements for JPEG RF were re-examined, setting the stage for the development of revised drafts of both the Use Cases and Requirements document and the CTC. New mandates include conducting Exploration Study 5, revising documents, and expanding stakeholder engagement.
JPEG XS
The JPEG Committee advanced the AMD 1 of JPEG XS Part 1 to DIS stage; it allows the embedding of sub-frame metadata to JPEG XS as required by augmented and virtual reality applications currently discussed within VESA. Part 5 3rd edition, which is the reference software of JPEG XS, was also approved for publication as an International Standard.
"The release of the Committee Draft of JPEG XE standard for lossless coding of events at the 108th JPEG meeting is an impressive achievement and will accelerate deployment of products and applications relying on visual events.” said Prof. Touradj Ebrahimi, the Convenor of the JPEG Committee.
About JPEG
The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) is a Working Group of ISO/IEC, the International Organization for Standardization / International Electrotechnical Commission, (ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1) and of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T SG21, formerly SG16), responsible for the popular JPEG, JPEG 2000, JPEG XR, JPSearch, JPEG Systems, JPEG XT and more recently, the JPEG XS, JPEG Pleno, JPEG XL, JPEG AI, JPEG Trust and JPEG DNA families of imaging standards.
The JPEG Committee nominally meets four times a year. The next 109th JPEG Meeting will be held in Nuremberg, Germany, from 11 to 17 October 2025. More information about JPEG and its work is available at jpeg.org or by contacting of the JPEG Communication Subgroup. If you would like to stay informed about JPEG activities, please subscribe to the jpeg mailing lists.
Future JPEG meetings are planned as follows:
- No. 109 will be in Nuremberg, Germany, from 11 to 17 October 2025
- No. 110 will be in Sydney, Australia, from 10 to 16 January 2026
A zip package containing the official JPEG logo and logos of all JPEG standards can be downloaded here.
